The laws governing the legal use, storage and carrying of firearms are constantly changing. Below are the applicable laws in the Commonwealth of Virginia as of 10/31/25. The below information is designed to be a guide and not the final word. If you have specific questions, please refer to the Virginia State Police Web Site.  Another great resource is the VCDL (Virginia Citizens Defense League), a non-partisan group dedicated to preserving the gun rights of Virginians. 

Virginia’s firearm laws are designed to promote responsible gun ownership while balancing citizens' rights with public safety. Whether you're a resident, visitor, or considering purchasing or carrying a firearm, understanding these laws is essential for legal compliance and safety.

Concealed Carry Law in Virginia

Permitless (Constitutional) Carry:
Virginia does not permit permitless carry for handguns. All VA residents who wish to carry a concealed handgun must obtain a valid Virginia Concealed Handgun Permit (CHP).

Open carry:
Open carry of a handgun in Virginia is generally allowed for those over 18, although prohibited locations do exist.

Legal Carry:

• Carry concealed with a valid permit.
• Carry openly only if you are of age, legally permitted to posess, and not in a prohibited area.

How to Obtain a Resident Concealed Handgun Permit in Virginia

Eligibility Requirements:

• Age: Must be at least 21 years old.
• Residency: Applicants must be residents of Virginia or meet certain jurisdictional criteria if non-residents.
• Background Check: No felony convictions, domestic violence misdemeanors, or certain mental health adjudications.
• Training: Complete a state-approved firearm safety training course or meet exemption criteria (e.g., prior military or law enforcement experience).

Application Process:

1. Complete a firearm safety course or qualify for exemption.
2. Gather Required Documents: Valid VA driver’s license or ID, proof of training (if applicable), and personal information.
3. File Application: Submit in person at your local circuit court or Clerk of Court. Complete the official application form.
4. Background Check: The Virginia State Police conduct a thorough background check, including criminal records and mental health history.
5. Approval & Issuance: Most permits are processed within 45-60 days. Upon approval, you receive a Virginia CHP valid for five years and renewable.

Reciprocity:

Virginia recognizes permits from many states; check the Virginia State Police reciprocity list for up-to-date agreements.

Common Gun Law Infractions in Virginia

• Carrying without a permit: The most frequent violation, resulting in criminal charges.
• Carrying in prohibited areas: Including federal buildings, schools, courthouses, or private property with signage barring firearms.
• Unlawful possession: Felons, those with domestic violence convictions, or individuals adjudicated mentally incompetent cannot possess firearms.
• Improper storage: Failing to secure firearms from minors or unauthorized users.
• Possession of illegal firearms: Such as fully automatic weapons, unregistered firearms, or firearms with illegal modifications.
• Discharging firearm in unsafe areas: Including densely populated areas, parks, or zones with restrictions.

Penalties can range from fines to felony convictions, depending on the offense severity.

Prohibited Persons from Firearm Ownership in Virginia

• Felons: Convicted of a felony under state or federal law.
• Domestic violence offenders: Individuals with relevant convictions or protective orders.
• Mentally incompetent persons: Those adjudicated mentally incompetent or involuntarily committed.
• Illegal drug users: Persons unlawfully using addictive drugs.
• Persons with restraining orders: Protective orders related to domestic violence or stalking.
• Illegal aliens: Persons unlawfully present in the U.S.
• Individuals convicted of certain violent misdemeanors.

Prohibited Places for Carrying Firearms

Virginia law restricts firearm carry in the following locations:

• Federal facilities and courthouses.
• Schools and school property: Grounds, buildings, buses, or events.
• Courts and courtrooms.
• Correctional facilities and detention centers.
• State and local government buildings with posted restrictions.
• Private property that has posted signage prohibiting firearms.
• Places where alcohol is served (unless permitted).

Violations of carry restrictions can lead to serious criminal charges.

Recent Gun Law Changes in Virginia (Last 2 Years)

• Permit Reforms and Processing Times: The Virginia General Assembly has passed legislation to streamline permit application procedures, reducing processing times and simplifying the application process for law-abiding residents.
• Permit Reciprocity Expansion: Virginia continues to expand its reciprocity agreements with other states, recognizing permits from additional jurisdictions to enhance lawful carry rights.
• Red Flag Law Implementation: Virginia’s Extreme Risk Protective Order (ERPO) law allows law enforcement and family members to petition courts to temporarily remove firearms from individuals deemed a danger to themselves or others.
• Restrictions on High-Capacity Magazines and Assault Weapons: New legislation restricts the sale, transfer, or possession of certain semi-automatic firearms and high-capacity magazines, aligning with broader efforts to limit firearm capacity and access.
• Storage and Safe Handling Laws: Recent laws impose stricter requirements for firearm storage, especially to prevent minors or unauthorized persons from accessing firearms at private residences.

Note: Laws are subject to change, so stay informed through official state resources or consult a legal expert.

FAQs on Virginia Firearm Laws

Q1. Can I concealed carry a firearm in Virginia without a permit?
A: No. Virginia requires a valid Virginia Concealed Handgun Permit or an equivalent out-of-state permit recognized via reciprocity for concealed carry. Open carry is generally allowed, except in specific locations.

Q2. How long does it take to get a Virginia permit?
A: Processing typically takes 45-60 days from submission to approval/issuance.

Q3. Can I carry a firearm in schools or courthouses?
A: Carrying firearms in schools, courthouses, and other sensitive government facilities is strictly prohibited by law.

Q4. Are there restrictions on carrying in private property?
A: Yes. Private property owners can post signs prohibiting firearms. Carrying on private property with posted restrictions can lead to criminal charges.

Q5. What happens if I carry unlawfully?
A: Violations can result in fines, criminal charges, or confiscation of firearms. Felony charges may result if carry occurs in prohibited areas or without proper permits.

Contact Resources & Further Guidance

Virginia Department of Public Safety (VSP):  For licensing, laws, and reciprocity details.

Virginia Legislation: Check relevant laws.

BATFE: Check Federal regulations.

Local Law Enforcement:
Contact your county sheriff’s office or police department for permit applications and legal guidance.

Legal Assistance:
Consult a qualified firearms law attorney for tailored legal advice, especially if involved in a firearm incident or facing charges.

Conclusion

Virginia’s firearm laws emphasize responsible ownership, strict carry regulations, and safety measures. Ensure that you acquire proper permits, follow all rules about location restrictions, and stay informed about ongoing legislative updates. Responsible firearm use helps promote public safety and protects your rights as a lawful gun owner.

Always verify current laws with official sources and consult legal professionals for specific questions or complex situations.
 

Stay safe, stay lawful, and handle firearms responsibly.